Appendix C: A Pocket Glossary of Symbols

Symbol	Meaning	Symbol	Meaning
\mathbb{N}, \mathbb{Z}, \mathbb{Q}, \mathbb{R}, \mathbb{C}	the number systems	\sum, \prod	sum, product
\in, \subset	is a member of; subset	\int_a^b f\,dx	definite integral
\forall, \exists	for all; there exists	f'(x), \frac{dy}{dx}	derivative
\implies, \iff	implies; if and only if	\partial	partial derivative
\|x\|	absolute value / modulus	\nabla f	gradient
n!	factorial	\lim_{x\to a}	limit
\binom{n}{k}	binomial coefficient	\varepsilon, \delta	small tolerances
\det A	determinant	\lambda	eigenvalue / multiplier
\ker T	kernel (null space)	\blacksquare	end of proof